Moist Tropical Architecture in Indonesia

Moist Tropical Architecture in Indonesia
The characteristics of wet tropical climate
1. High rainfall
2. High humidity
3. The temperature of the hot air up to delicious
4. Wind (air flow) slightly
5. Moderate to strong solar radiation (the sun shines year-round)
6. Small heat exchange due to high humidity (the air is already saturated by water vapor), so the water does not easily evaporate.

The problem is how to keep air flowing so that evaporation can continue.
The main strategy for building:
1. Blocking the direct solar radiation and sun shading louvers (pembayang sunlight)
2. Isolation of heat radiation by air space (on the roof and use of materials and porous or hollow celled)
3. Distance of buildings with other buildings far to expedite the flow of air
4. Thermic comfort is achieved with air flow on the human body.
5. Stop / insulation radiation with reflectors were not appropriate because it would add to the environment and reduce the application of heat and moisture evaporation.
6. The materials used should have a small BJ (mild), lag-time low, a small heat capacity, small dimensions, weight itself is small, can follow the ambient air moisture content and low thermal conductivity.
Behavior of wet tropical climate and the shape of the building:
1. High rainfall overcome with steep roof slope
2. High humidity, be overcome by:
- The use of porous walls of the building in order to participate absorb moisture in the room and increasing comfort. The walls of dried air flow through cracks in the walls, cooling the surface of the building,
- The building has two types of windows, temporal and fixed. Temporal window used in the daytime.
3. Direct beam radiation, overcome by the use of sun shading. In order to heat the materials used does not accumulate small heat capacity. At night, the moist air will condense and saturated, which will cause a burning sensation. Therefore, the material used must have a time lag is low (fast heat, fast cool). In the daytime, high radiation, building materials must have low thermal conductivity and thermal insulation with air flow (air carrying heat and moisture in the surface material), reduce the heat a building. Small dimensions and weight so as not to store heat. In the morning, the coldest air temperature, the building must limit heat emitting from inside the building.
4. Moist air, moist soil, turning the heat radiation from the ground to make the air saturated. This situation is addressed by building raised floors to allow air to flow under the building

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